The European Research Council (ERC) awards four ERC Advanced Grants (11.5M€) to Life Sciences in Portugal
The results of the most recent ERC Advanced Grants have been announced today (March 30th). The European Research Council (ERC) selected four new projects in the area of life sciences, which in total will receive 11.5M€. This number, awarded in the same contest, is a new record for our country.
In Portugal, the winning scientists are Isabel Gordo (Gulbenkian Institute of Science, IGC), Maria Manuel Mota (João Lobo Antunes Institute of Molecular Medicine, iMM), Mariana Pinho (ITQB-NOVA) and Henrique Veiga-Fernandes (Champalimaud Foundation). Each will receive between €2.5M and €3.5M for the development of research projects over the next five years.
The curriculum of these four researchers includes other funding awarded by the ERC, from the ERC Starting Grants (awarded at the beginning of their careers) to the ERC Consolidator Grants, including the ERC Proof of Concept (complementary funding for technology transfer projects from the laboratory to the market ) which represents an investment in science made in Portugal, by this entity, established by the European Commission in 2007, in the order of €23M.
Isabel Gordo, IGC
Evolution in the gut in health and disease
The microbiota in the mammalian intestine constitutes a complex ecosystem whose ecological and evolutionary rules we do not yet understand. The diversity of the microbiota is associated with states of health or disease. The reason for this association is yet to be discovered. In this project the researcher aims to unravel how natural selection operates to shape the diversity of bacteria in the gut of healthy and sick hosts. The questions and experiments the researcher will address in the project represent a marriage between the fields of evolution and medicine. The intention is to understand how the evolution of bacteria is altered in the context of diseases: inflammatory bowel diseases, including cancer, and obesity.
The ERC Advanced Grant is so important to Isabel’s research, she “wants to dedicate it to the future generation of Portuguese scientists” and send them an inspiring message “God to the sea the danger and the abyss gave. But it was in it that He mirrored the sky.” Isabel also emphasizes that “for the specific purpose of my project, I am forever indebted to the thoughts of the late Ukrainian-born biologist Ilya Ilyich Metchnikoff and the Russian Leo Tolstoy, whose book “Anna Karenina” inspired the main hypothesis I set out to test in this project. When we all decide to stand on the shoulders of giants, our limit is the sky”. The new ERC will allow the multidisciplinary team, led by Isabel Gordo, to understand fundamental mechanisms in controlled experiments so that, in the future, it will be possible to effectively modulate human and animal microbiome and contribute to a significant health improvement in the context of the ecosystem we live in.
- ERC Advanced: €2 500 000
Maria Mota, iMM
Understanding the enemy, Plasmodium, to fight malaria
Malaria is a devastating disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite. Despite a significant decrease in the incidence of the disease between 2000 and 2015, malaria is still a great concern for the World Health Organization, killing one child in the world every minute. It is therefore very important to understand the biology of the parasite to fight it. After an infected mosquito bite, the parasites must travel to the liver of the host and infect the liver cells. This stage of the infection is associated with exuberant parasite multiplication: each parasite gives rise to thousands of parasites capable of infecting the blood and causing disease. Today, it’s known that the amount of parasites formed in the liver is associated with the severity of malaria.
Interestingly, the division of parasites in the liver has some unusual features. Unlike our cells, the parasites multiply, including their DNA, and only later become individualized parasites. Recently researchers showed that with such abundant multiplication and these particular characteristics, the multiplication of the parasites occurs with high occurrence of DNA damage in Plasmodium. Now, the researchers propose it confers greater genetic variability to the parasites: “In this project we will explore the hypothesis that the accumulation of DNA damage in the parasites generates high variability and diversity of parasites, which increases the probability that the parasites will escape the immune system of the host and cause severe disease. It’s as if the parasites in the liver divide to conquer!”, explains Maria Mota.
The funding awarded by the ERC will allow the multidisciplinary team led by Maria Mota to explore the relationship between the exacerbated division of the parasites and the severity of the disease. “Understanding these basic mechanisms of Plasmodium biology and interaction with the host will certainly open doors for the development of new strategies to fight malaria,” adds Maria Mota.
- ERC Advanced: €2 500 000
Mariana Pinho, ITQB
Finding the missing links in the bacterial cell cycle
Antibiotic resistance poses one of the most significant health problems of our time, with multidrug-resistant bacteria expected to claim over 300 million lives over the next 35 years. One of the leading causes of this mortality is Staphylococcus aureus, a pathogenic bacterium studied by Associate Professor Mariana Pinho’s group at ITQB NOVA. Her research has been continuously funded by the ERC since 2013, highlighting the importance of this critical global challenge.
For a bacterial cell to grow and divide, a complex series of events, such as DNA replication or construction of the cell wall, must occur in a coordinated and orderly manner. Mariana´s research aims to uncover unknown links between these key events in the cell cycle, enabling the identification of vulnerable points where antibiotics can be more effective.
“Despite our knowledge about the individual events in the cell cycle, we know very little about how they are coordinated. This coordination is essential for the survival of bacterial cells, and therefore for their ability to cause infections. Our aim with this project is to find the missing links between major cell cycle events, while also developing tools and assays useful for antibiotic discovery.”, says the researcher.
This work complements the work developed in the two previous grants. In 2012 (Starting) and 2017 (Consolidator), the focus was on the intracellular organization of Staphylococcus aureus and its cell cycle, with the objective of better understanding how bacterial cells grow and divide, but also of using this knowledge to elucidate the mechanisms of action of various antimicrobial compounds. “With this third grant, we want to go further. To think innovatively about new antibiotics, we need to know more about each cellular process, but also to understand how these processes are interconnected, to attack bacteria simultaneously at several critical targets. The funding from this ERC grant will allow us to buy state-of-the-art equipment to study the division machinery of bacteria with exceptional spatial and temporal resolution”, adds the researcher.
- ERC Advanced: €3 000 000
Henrique Veiga-Fernandes, CF
The neuroimmune crosstalk and its potential therapeutic value
Maintenance of health requires the coordination of multiple cellular networks. For example, the immune and nervous systems cooperate to regulate tissue homeostasis. Concordingly, recent work from the group lead by Henrique Veiga-Fernandes demonstrates that the immune system, through white blood cells, integrates neuronal signals to control tissue health and immunity. These findings are provoking a paradigm shift in our understanding of the immune response, neuroimmune crosstalk and its potential therapeutic value.
“This funding from ERC will allow us to apply a series of disruptive tools, developed by our group, that will address a gap that existed in the field of approaches to explore the identity and plasticity of neuroimmune interactions, in great detail, and in a specific manner, in living organisms”, explains Henrique Veiga-Fernandes. With these tools and the ERC Advanced Grant, the group will be able to test the hypothesis that dynamic circuitry codes orchestrate neuro-immune interactions and disease outcomes. “This project will allow us to apply cutting-edge technologies to address and advance, with unprecedented mechanistic and conceptual detail, how the neuroimmune interactome unfolds, in health and disease”, concludes Henrique Veiga-Fernandes.
- ERC Advanced: €3 500 000
About the European Research Council (ERC) Grants:
ERC Research Grants are awarded by the European Research Council. Any researcher can apply, as long as they intend to develop their research in an institution of the European Union. Without quotas by countries, areas or anything else, these grants are awarded based, solely and exclusively, on the merit of the project.
Funding is for the development of projects over a period of five years and is allocated at three main levels, according to the seniority of the proposing researcher: Starting, for researchers with 2 to 7 years after their PhD, in an amount of up to €1.5M; Consolidator, for researchers with 7 to 12 years after their PhD and funding of up to €2M; Advanced, for independent researchers, worth up to €2.5M. To these values can be added initial support, for rehousing or scientific equipment.
In addition to the three levels, the ERC has two additional funding systems: Proof of Concept, for researchers who already have an ERC grant and want to explore the technology transfer potential of their research; and Synergy, for groups of two principal investigators who want to work together on a project. These grants have a maximum value of €150K for 18 months and €10M for 6 years, respectively.